What must all Transmission Operators (TOP) ensure to avoid instability in the power system?

The requirement for Transmission Operators (TOP) to ensure the power system's stability is fundamentally linked to managing operational risks associated with unexpected contingencies. The principle of "Most severe single contingency N-1" is critical because it dictates that the system must remain stable and reliable despite the loss of the most significant single element, such as a major transmission line or generation unit.

By adhering to the N-1 criterion, TOPs focus on the ability of the power system to effectively handle the failure of any one component without resulting in widespread instability or cascading outages. This approach ensures that adequate reserves, proper system design, and operational protocols are in place to maintain stability under challenging conditions.

While compliance with NERC standards is essential and audits play a role in reinforcing best practices, these are broader measures that support general operational integrity rather than directly addressing immediate stability concerns from contingencies. Similarly, while increasing generation capacity may provide additional resources, it does not inherently address the complexities involved in maintaining stability during the most severe contingencies. Recognizing the N-1 requirement highlights a focused approach to operational resilience in the face of system disturbances.