What is the per unit (p.u.) voltage if the actual voltage is 362 kV on a 345 bus?

To determine the per unit (p.u.) voltage, you need to compare the actual voltage to a designated base voltage. In this scenario, the actual voltage is given as 362 kV, with the base voltage being the nominal voltage of the bus, which is 345 kV.

The formula for calculating the per unit voltage is:

[ \text{p.u. Voltage} = \frac{\text{Actual Voltage}}{\text{Base Voltage}} ]

Substituting the provided values into this formula gives:

[ \text{p.u. Voltage} = \frac{362 \text{ kV}}{345 \text{ kV}} ]

Calculating this yields:

[ \text{p.u. Voltage} \approx 1.048 ]

When rounded, this value is approximately 1.05. This indicates that the actual voltage exceeds the base value by about 5%. A p.u. value greater than 1 demonstrates that the system voltage is higher than the nominal level.

This understanding of converting voltage to a per unit system is crucial in power system analysis, as it simplifies calculations and comparisons by normalizing values across different voltage levels.